► Dross yog dab tsi thiab yog vim li cas thiaj ua phem?
Dross yog ib txheej ntawm impurities, oxides thiab dross uas tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm molten hlau. Yog hais tias lub dross tsis zoo tshem tawm ua ntej pouring, nws yuav ua tau entrained nyob rau hauv lub kawg casting, uas ua rau defects. Kev suav nrog dross yog cov pa phem uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov castings. Dross entrainment defects xws li pores, shrinkage qhov, inclusions thiab nto defects yuav tsis tsuas yog txo qhov zoo ntawm castings, tab sis kuj ua rau rov qab thiab rework, ua rau tsis tsim nyog cov nqi thiab ntau lawm qeeb. Yog li ntawd, cov nyhuv ntawm dross kev kho mob cuam tshuam rau kev ntseeg siab, kev ua tau zoo thiab profitability ntawm casting, pebsteel casting dross lauj kaub tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem no tau zoo.
► Lub Hlau Casting Dross Pan ua haujlwm li cas?
A steel casting dross lauj kaubyog tsim tshwj xeeb los tshem tawm thiab tuav dross ntab saum cov hlau molten. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm nws ua haujlwm li cas:
Kev teeb tsa:Lub lauj kaub dross yog ntsia saum lub cub tawg ntawm daim di ncauj qhov twg cov hlau kub yog nchuav. Qhov no tso lub lauj kaub ncaj qha rau hauv txoj kev ntawm cov kwj deg thaum tapping.
Dross Collection:Raws li cov hlau molten yog poured los ntawm lub cub tawg, lub floating dross tau ntes thiab tuav nyob rau hauv lub lauj kaub. Kev tsim kho steel du tiv thaiv dross los ntawm lo los yog txaws.
Kev tshem tawm:Nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov cua sov, lub lauj kaub tshem tawm tau muab tshem tawm thiab cov dross raug tshem tawm thiab muab pov tseg. Lub lauj kaub tuaj yeem rov nruab rau tom ntej kais.
Kev tiv thaiv:Lub lauj kaub steel tiv thaiv cov hloov ladle los ntawm kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog dross thaum lub sij hawm nchuav. Qhov no tiv thaiv ladle yaig thiab kis kab mob ntawm cov kwj hlau.
Kev tsim tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm asteel casting dross lauj kaubua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshem tawm kom zoo thiab muaj cov dej ntws los ntawm cov hlau molten thaum lub sij hawm casting txheej txheem. Los ntawm kev ntes thiab tswj dross zoo, lub lauj kaub dross pab tswj kev ua haujlwm zoo, ua kom cov khoom siv ntev ntev, thiab xyuas kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov kwj dej. Nws installation saum lub cub tawg thiab cov txheej txheem tshem tawm ncaj qha ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab cov khoom zoo hauvsteel casting dross lauj kaub.
► Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv lub lauj kaub Dross
Kev siv lub siab steel dross yias muab cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no rau kev ua haujlwm zoo:
Txhim kho kev huv:Los ntawm kev ntes dross zoo, lub lauj kaub tiv thaiv oxides thiab impurities los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv pwm pwm. Qhov no ua rau cov hlau huv dua, siab dua-purity hlau.
Txo qhov tsis xws luag:Tsawg dross txhais tau tias tsawg dua cov kab mob hauv qhov kawg casting ua rau txo qis qhov tsis xws luag xws li porosity thiab inclusions.
Nce Yield:Ntau qhov zoo castings tuaj yeem nchuav los ntawm txhua qhov cua sov raws li kev tshem tawm dross maximizes tus nqi ntawm usable molten steel.
Extends Rauv Lub Neej Lub Neej:Dross tshem tawm tiv thaiv lub cub tawg refractory los ntawm kev yaig ntau dhau thiab hnav los ntawm ntab slag. Qhov no txuas ntxiv lub neej kev sib tw ntawm lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu.
Txhim kho Mechanical Properties:Nrog tsawg entrained impurities, metallurgical zoo thiab mechanical zog ntawm castings yog txhim kho.
Txo kev tshuaj xyuas / rov ua haujlwm:Kev ua kom zoo dua qub txhais tau tias tsawg dua lub sijhawm thiab tus nqi siv rau kev tshuaj xyuas, rov ua dua, thiab seem.
Kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, suav nrog kev txhim kho kev huv, txo qhov tsis xws luag, nce cov txiaj ntsig, txuas rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv, txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab txo qhov xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab rov ua haujlwm dua. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo no ua rau kev ua haujlwm tag nrho thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo hauv cov txheej txheem steel casting.
► Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev siv Dross Pan kom zoo
Txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig tag nrho, ntawm no yog qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev siv lub lauj kaub kom zoo:
Pan Size:Xyuas kom tseeb tias lub lauj kaub loj thiab lub peev xwm ua tau raws li qhov kub ntawm qhov loj kom tsis txhob ntws tawm. Ntev yuav tsum tso cai rau tag nrho kwj capture.
Khoom siv:Kev tsim kho steel ruaj khov tiv thaiv warping thiab deterioration los ntawm qhov kub kub tsis tu ncua.
Qhov chaw:Tso lub qhov hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau hauv qab tus kais dej kom ntes tag nrho cov dej ntws.
Lub kaum sab xis:Lub lauj kaub sloped ua rau dross ntws mus rau ib qho kawg kom yooj yim tshem tawm. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm 30-45 degree yog qhov zoo.
Kev tshem tawm sai:Tshem tawm thiab hloov lub lauj kaub sai sai ntawm cov cua sov kom tsis txhob rov qab los ntawm dross rau hauv qhov cub.
Ntxuav:Ua tib zoo ntxuav lub lauj kaub ntawm tag nrho cov dross buildup tom qab txhua qhov kev siv kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo xav txog yam xws li lub lauj kaub loj, cov khoom siv, kev tso kawm, lub kaum ntse ntse, tshem tawm sai, thiab ntxuav, kev siv lub lauj kaub kom zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem txhuas. Cov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov lauj kaub tais diav thiab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv qhov chaw smelting.
► Xaus
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, asteel casting dross lauj kaubyog ib qho khoom siv pheej yig tsis tau muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev txhim kho zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm hlau casting. Los ntawm kev ntes cov slag ntab thiab oxides zoo, lub lauj kaub dross tiv thaiv cov impurities tsis zoo los ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov dej molten. Qhov no ua rau cov hlau huv huv, txo qhov tsis xws luag, thiab ua kom muaj zog ntau dua. Kev siv lub lauj kaub dross yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau cov chaw tsim khoom los txhim kho lub suab nrov ntawm castings yam tsis muaj peev txheej loj. Nrog rau kev txhim kho kom zoo, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev saib xyuas, ib qho yooj yim dross yias tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Xav paub ntau ntxiv hu rau peb ntawmtech@huan-tai.org.
Cov ntaub ntawv:
Dross tsim thaum Melting thiab Casting txheej txheem. Sahai, Y. and Emi, T. (2008). Kev ua lag luam ntawm Indian Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Hlau, 61(2-3), pp.229-233.
Cov nyhuv ntawm pwm flux dross ntawm cov khoom ntawm steels. Zhang, L., Thomas, BG and Sussman, RC (1994). Hlau thiab Steelmaker, 21(12), pp. 41-46.
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory nrog xaiv cov hlau alloys. Krause, H. and Pogodda, T. (2006). Tuam Tshoj Foundry, 3(1), pp.38–46.
Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm steel huv huv: kev tshuaj xyuas. Verma, Ajit thiab Pistorius, P. Chris (2019). Phau ntawv Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 119(3), pp.221-238.
Kev tshem tawm cov kev suav ntawm cov hlau yaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem npuas flotation. Singh, R. and Sarkar, B. (1996). Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy, 25(2), pp. 120-128.
Txhim kho steel casting nto zoo los ntawm kev tshem tawm oxide txheej ua ntej pwm pouring. Xu, W., Liu, X., Liu, B., Tang, H. and Jiang, H. (2018). AFS Transactions, 26, pp. 545-552.
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